托福词汇 | 环球老师带你一起学习托福单词之【地质学】

Lithosphere /ˈlɪθəsfɪr/ n岩石圈

Hydrosphere /ˈhaɪdroʊsfɪr/ n水圈

（tpo51 passage2 On a solid planet with a hydrosphere and an atmosphere, only a tiny fraction of the planetary mass flows as surface fluids.）

asthenosphere /æs'θinə,sfɪr/ n软流层

crust /krʌst/ n地壳

mantle /ˈmæntl/ n地幔

（tpo5 lecture2 And we need to find out, because much more than the crust, the mantle contains information about a planet's or Moon's total composition.）

outer core n外部地核

inner core n内部地核

Plate /pleɪt/ n板块

（tpo27 passage2 How can volcanic activity occur so far from a plate boundary?）

Plate tectonics n板块构造论

Pacific plate 太平洋板块

North American plate 北美洲板块

South American plate 南美洲板块

Antarctic plate 南极洲板块

Caribbean plate 加勒比板块

African plate 非洲板块

Arabian plate 阿拉伯板块

Eurasian plate 亚欧板块

Philippine plate 菲律宾板块

Boundary n边界

（tpo28 passage1 The water table is the underground boundary below which all the cracks and pores are filled with water.）

Continent n大陆

（tpo1 lecture2 You know the theory that earth's continents were once joined together and only split apart relatively recently?）

Earthquake n地震

Seism /'səm/ n地震

Seismic /ˈsaɪzmɪk/ adj地震的，地震引起的

Seismology / saɪzˈmɑ:lədʒi/ n地震学

Magnitude /ˈmægnɪtu:d/ n震级

（tpo49 passage1 for archaeologists concerned with the long periods of time of the Paleolithic period there are variations in coastlines of much greater magnitude to consider.）

Cataclysm /ˈkætəklɪzəm/ n地震，灾难

Glacier n冰川

Glacial adj冰川的

Glacial epoch 冰川期

Interglacial n间冰期（两个冰川期之间的时期）

（tpo20 lecture2 What was different about this interglacial period than the other ones?）

Iceberg 冰山

Ice sheet 冰原，冰盖

（tpo20 passage2 Ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose.）